Which of the following countries was not involved in the Cold War?

The reason Brazil is the correct answer to the question of which country was not involved in the Cold War is primarily due to its geopolitical position and the nature of its involvement during that period. While Brazil was a significant player in Latin America, it did not directly engage in the Cold War dynamics between the two superpowers—the United States and the Soviet Union. Instead, Brazil experienced its own internal political turbulence, including a military coup in 1964, but it aligned itself more with U.S. interests rather than acting as a frontline state in the Cold War confrontation.

In contrast, the United States and the Soviet Union were the two primary rivals in the Cold War, defining much of the global political landscape of the time. China, while initially aligned with the Soviet Union, also played a notable role in the Cold War dynamics, especially after a shift towards a more independent foreign policy in the late 1960s.

Consequently, Brazil's relatively lower level of direct involvement in the core conflicts and ideological battles of the Cold War solidifies its position as the country not involved in the Cold War in a direct sense compared to the other options listed.