Which body is primarily responsible for initiating all revenue bills?

The House of Representatives is primarily responsible for initiating all revenue bills due to a stipulation in the U.S. Constitution. Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution specifies that "All bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives." This requirement underscores the importance of direct representation in the legislative process, as the House is considered closer to the public due to its members serving shorter terms than those in the Senate. This makes the House the most appropriate body to address tax and revenue measures, reflecting the interests and needs of the constituents more directly than the Senate or other branches of government.

In contrast, while the Senate can propose amendments to revenue bills or pass its own versions, any bill concerning revenue must start in the House. The President and the Supreme Court do not have any role in initiating revenue bills; the former can propose legislation, and the latter interprets laws, but neither has the constitutional authority to initiate such bills.