What does the Cartagena protocol of the convention on biological diversity establish?

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which is part of the Convention on Biological Diversity, specifically addresses the movement of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology. This protocol establishes regulations and controls on the international trade of genetically modified organisms to ensure that they do not pose risks to biological diversity and human health. By setting out specific procedures for the safe handling, transport, and use of LMOs, it aims to protect biodiversity while facilitating trade, making this option the most accurate representation of the protocol's objectives.

The other choices, while related to biodiversity and conservation efforts, do not directly reflect the main focus of the Cartagena Protocol. The international network of protected areas and lists of protected species pertain to conventional conservation measures but are not the primary concern of this specific legal framework. Similarly, national targets for biodiversity are broader goals that do not directly relate to the protocol's focus on genetic modifications and their trade.