Paralanguage factors include:

Paralanguage factors pertain to the vocal elements that contribute to communication beyond the spoken words. This includes aspects such as tone, pitch, loudness, rate of speaking, and other vocalizations that convey meaning. In this context, throat clearing and sighs are forms of paralanguage because they are vocal expressions that can indicate emotion, hesitation, or discomfort and therefore add nuance to spoken communication.

Hand or body gestures, while important in communication and falling under the category of nonverbal communication, are not classified as paralanguage; instead, they are related to kinesics. Similarly, temperature and light relate more to the environmental context and sensory factors affecting communication. Proximity to the audience involves aspects of nonverbal communication known as proxemics, which addresses personal space and physical distance. Thus, throat clearing and sighs are the choice that aligns directly with the definition of paralanguage factors.